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Persian is a member of the Western Iranian group of the Iranian languages, which make up a branch of the Indo-European languages in their Indo-Iranian subdivision.The Western Iranian languages themselves are divided into two subgroups: Southwestern Iranian languages, of which Persian is the most widely spoken, and Northwestern Iranian languages, of which Kurdish and Balochi are the most widely ...
Iranian Persian ( Persian: فارسی ایرانی, romanized : Fârsi-ye Irâni ), [2] [3] Western Persian [4] or Western Farsi, [5] natively simply known as Persian ( Persian: فارسی, romanized : Fârsi ), refers to the varieties of the Persian language spoken in Iran and by others in neighboring countries, as well as by Iranian ...
Persian grammar ( Persian: دستور زبان فارسی, Dastur-e Zabân-e Fârsi lit. Grammar of the Persian language) is the grammar of the Persian language, whose dialectal variants are spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Caucasus, Uzbekistan (in Samarqand, Bukhara and the Surxondaryo Region) and Tajikistan. It is similar to that of many other ...
The Iranian languages are grouped in three stages: Old Iranian (until 400 BCE), Middle Iranian (400 BCE – 900 CE) and New Iranian (since 900 CE). The two directly-attested Old Iranian languages are Old Persian (from the Achaemenid Empire) and Old Avestan (the language of the Avesta ).
The phonology of the Persian language varies between regional dialects, standard varieties, and even from older variates of Persian.Persian is a pluricentric language and countries that have Persian as an official language have separate standard varieties, namely: Standard Dari (Afghanistan), Standard Iranian Persian and Standard Tajik (). [1]
Standard Persian ( Persian: فارسی معیار) is the standard variety of Persian that is the official language of the Iran [5] and Tajikistan [6] and one of the two official languages of Afghanistan. [7] It is a set of spoken and written formal varieties used by the educated persophones of several nations around the world.
The language of Zoroastrian literature (and of the Sasanian inscriptions) is sometimes referred to as Pahlavi – a name that originally referred to the Pahlavi scripts, [13] [14] which were also the preferred writing system for several other Middle Iranian languages. Pahlavi Middle Persian is the language of quite a large body of literature ...
Persian is very powerful in word building and versatile in ways a word can be built from combining affixes, stems, nouns and adjectives. Having many affixes to form new words (over a hundred), and the ability to build affixesand specially prefixesfrom nouns,[note 1]The Persian language is also claimed to be[1][2][3][4][5][6]and demonstrated[7 ...
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