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The area of a regular polygon is half its perimeter multiplied by the distance from its center to its sides, and because the sequence tends to a circle, the corresponding formula–that the area is half the circumference times the radius–namely, A = 1 2 × 2πr × r, holds for a circle.
v. t. e. In geometry, the circumference (from Latin circumferens, meaning "carrying around") is the perimeter of a circle or ellipse. [1] The circumference is the arc length of the circle, as if it were opened up and straightened out to a line segment. [2] More generally, the perimeter is the curve length around any closed figure.
t. e. The number π ( / paɪ /; spelled out as " pi ") is a mathematical constant that is the ratio of a circle 's circumference to its diameter, approximately equal to 3.14159. The number π appears in many formulae across mathematics and physics.
The Miller–Rabin primality test or Rabin–Miller primality test is a probabilistic primality test: an algorithm which determines whether a given number is likely to be prime, similar to the Fermat primality test and the Solovay–Strassen primality test . It is of historical significance in the search for a polynomial-time deterministic ...
Fisher's exact test. Fisher's exact test is a statistical significance test used in the analysis of contingency tables. [1] [2] [3] Although in practice it is employed when sample sizes are small, it is valid for all sample sizes. It is named after its inventor, Ronald Fisher, and is one of a class of exact tests, so called because the ...
Super PI finishing a calculation of 1,048,576, or 2 20 digits of pi. Super PI is a computer program that calculates pi to a specified number of digits after the decimal point—up to a maximum of 32 million. It uses Gauss–Legendre algorithm and is a Windows port of the program used by Yasumasa Kanada in 1995 to compute pi to 2 32 digits.
v. t. e. Profitability index(PI), also known as profit investment ratio(PIR) and value investment ratio(VIR), is the ratio of payoff to investment of a proposed project. It is a useful tool for ranking projects because it allows you to quantify the amount of value created per unit of investment. Under capital rationing, PI method is suitable ...
The sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) is a specific sequential hypothesis test, developed by Abraham Wald [1] and later proven to be optimal by Wald and Jacob Wolfowitz. [2] Neyman and Pearson's 1933 result inspired Wald to reformulate it as a sequential analysis problem. The Neyman-Pearson lemma, by contrast, offers a rule of thumb for ...