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Usage of names of large numbers. Some names of large numbers, such as million, billion, and trillion, have real referents in human experience, and are encountered in many contexts. At times, the names of large numbers have been forced into common usage as a result of hyperinflation.
Visualisation of powers of 10 from one to 1 billion. A power of 10 is any of the integer powers of the number ten; in other words, ten multiplied by itself a certain number of times (when the power is a positive integer). By definition, the number one is a power (the zeroth power) of ten. The first few non-negative powers of ten are:
Billion. Billion is a word for a large number, and it has two distinct definitions: 1,000,000,000, i.e. one thousand million, or 10 9 (ten to the ninth power ), as defined on the short scale. This is now the most common sense of the word in all varieties of English; it has long been established in American English and has since become common in ...
Scientific notation was created to handle the wide range of values that occur in scientific study. 1.0 × 10 9, for example, means one billion, or a 1 followed by nine zeros: 1 000 000 000. The reciprocal, 1.0 × 10 −9, means one billionth, or 0.000 000 001.
For whole numbers smaller than 1,000,000,000 (10 9 ), such as one thousand or one million, the two scales are identical. For larger numbers, starting with 10 9, the two systems differ. For identical names, the long scale proceeds by powers of one million, whereas the short scale proceeds by powers of one thousand.
A number 1 followed by 1 googol zeros. Carl Sagan has estimated that 1 googolplex, fully written out, would not fit in the observable universe because of its size, while also noting that one could also write the number as 10 10 100. Larger than 10 10 100 (One googolplex; 10 googol; short scale: googolplex; long scale: googolplex)
10,000: a myriad (a hundred hundred), commonly used in the sense of an indefinite very high number. 100,000: a lakh (a hundred thousand), in Indian English. 10,000,000: a crore (a hundred lakh), in Indian English and written as 100,00,000. 10 100: googol (1 followed by 100 zeros), used in mathematics.
The Ancient Greeks used a system based on the myriad, that is, ten thousand, and their largest named number was a myriad myriad, or one hundred million. In The Sand Reckoner, Archimedes (c. 287–212 BC) devised a system of naming large numbers reaching up to. , essentially by naming powers of a myriad myriad. This largest number appears ...