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  2. Mass-to-charge ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass-to-charge_ratio

    The CODATA recommended value is −e/⁠m e = −1.758 820 008 38 (55) × 10 11 C⋅kg −1. ‍ [2] CODATA refers to this as the electron charge-to-mass quotient, but ratio is still commonly used. There are two other common ways of measuring the charge-to-mass ratio of an electron, apart from Thomson and Dunnington's methods.

  3. Electron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron

    The ratio between the mass of a proton and that of an electron is about 1836. [15] [80] Astronomical measurements show that the proton-to-electron mass ratio has held the same value, as is predicted by the Standard Model, for at least half the age of the universe. [81]

  4. Proton-to-electron mass ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton-to-electron_mass_ratio

    Proton-to-electron mass ratio. In physics, the proton-to-electron mass ratio (symbol μ or β) is the rest mass of the proton (a baryon found in atoms) divided by that of the electron (a lepton found in atoms), a dimensionless quantity, namely: μ = mp /⁠ me = 1 836.152 673 426(32). The number in parentheses is the measurement uncertainty on ...

  5. Proton - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton

    A proton is a stable subatomic particle, symbol. p. , H +, or 1 H + with a positive electric charge of +1 e ( elementary charge ). Its mass is slightly less than the mass of a neutron and 1836 times the mass of an electron (the proton-to-electron mass ratio ). Protons and neutrons, each with a mass of approximately one atomic mass unit, are ...

  6. J. J. Thomson - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._J._Thomson

    J. J. Thomson. Sir Joseph John Thomson OM FRS [ 1] (18 December 1856 – 30 August 1940) was a British physicist and Nobel Laureate in Physics, credited with the discovery of the electron, the first subatomic particle to be found. In 1897, Thomson showed that cathode rays were composed of previously unknown negatively charged particles (now ...

  7. Electron mass - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_mass

    0.510 998 950 69(16) ‍. [ 3] MeV. In particle physics, the electron mass (symbol: me) is the mass of a stationary electron, also known as the invariant mass of the electron. It is one of the fundamental constants of physics. It has a value of about 9.109 × 10−31 kilograms or about 5.486 × 10−4 daltons, which has an energy-equivalent of ...

  8. Electron magnetic moment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_magnetic_moment

    In atomic physics, the electron magnetic moment, or more specifically the electron magnetic dipole moment, is the magnetic moment of an electron resulting from its intrinsic properties of spin and electric charge. The value of the electron magnetic moment (symbol μe) is −9.284 764 6917(29) × 10−24 J⋅T−1. [ 1]

  9. Fine-structure constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-structure_constant

    The fine-structure constant, α, has several physical interpretations. α is: The ratio of two energies: the energy needed to overcome the electrostatic repulsion between two electrons a distance of d apart, and. the energy of a single photon of wavelength λ = 2πd (or of angular wavelength d; see Planck relation ): α = ( e 2 4 π ε 0 d ...