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Photic retinopathy. Photic retinopathy is damage to the eye 's retina, particularly the macula, from prolonged exposure to solar radiation or other bright light, e.g., lasers or arc welders. The term includes solar, laser, and welder's retinopathy and is synonymous with retinal phototoxicity. [ 1] It usually occurs due to staring at the Sun ...
Light therapy, also called phototherapy or bright light therapy is the exposure to direct sunlight or artificial light at controlled wavelengths in order to treat a variety of medical disorders, including seasonal affective disorder (SAD), circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, cancers, and skin wound infections.
Visual system. The visual system includes the eyes, the connecting pathways through to the visual cortex and other parts of the brain (human system shown). The eye is the sensory organ of the visual system. The iris, pupil, and sclera are visible. Identifiers.
Adaptation (eye) In visual physiology, adaptation is the ability of the retina of the eye to adjust to various levels of light. Natural night vision, or scotopic vision, is the ability to see under low-light conditions. In humans, rod cells are exclusively responsible for night vision as cone cells are only able to function at higher ...
Health effects of sunlight exposure. Exposing skin to the ultraviolet radiation in sunlight has both positive and negative health effects. On the positive side, exposure allows for the synthesis of vitamin D 3. Vitamin D has been suggested as having a wide range of positive health effects, which include strengthening bones [ 1] and possibly ...
Optical radiation. Optical radiation is the part of the electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths between 100 nm and 1 mm. [1] [2] This range includes visible light, infrared light, and part of the ultraviolet spectrum. [3] Optical radiation is non-ionizing, [4] and can be focused with lenses and manipulated by other optical elements.
Optics and vision. Vision of humans and other organisms depends on several organs such as the lens of the eye, and any vision correcting devices, which use optics to focus the image. The eyes of many animals contains a lens that focuses the light of its surroundings onto the retina of the eye. This lens is essential to producing clear images ...
Overview of the retina photoreceptors. ipRGCs labelled at the top-right. Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells ( ipRGCs ), also called photosensitive retinal ganglion cells ( pRGC ), or melanopsin-containing retinal ganglion cells ( mRGCs ), are a type of neuron in the retina of the mammalian eye.