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  2. Analogy of the Sun - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analogy_of_the_Sun

    The Good (the sun) provides the very foundation on which all other truth rests. Plato uses the image of the Sun to help define the true meaning of the Good. The Good "sheds light" on knowledge so that our minds can see true reality. Without the Good, we would only be able to see with our physical eyes and not the "mind's eye".

  3. Emission theory (vision) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emission_theory_(vision)

    Emission theory or extramission theory (variants: extromission) or extromissionism is the proposal that visual perception is accomplished by eye beams emitted by the eyes. This theory has been replaced by intromission theory (or intromissionism ), which is that visual perception comes from something representative of the object (later ...

  4. Euclid's Optics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclid's_Optics

    Optics ( Greek: Ὀπτικά) is a work on the geometry of vision written by the Greek mathematician Euclid around 300 BC. The earliest surviving manuscript of Optics is in Greek and dates from the 10th century AD. The work deals almost entirely with the geometry of vision, with little reference to either the physical or psychological aspects ...

  5. Book of Optics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_of_Optics

    The Book of Optics presented experimentally founded arguments against the widely held extramission theory of vision (as held by Euclid in his Optica ), and proposed the modern intromission theory, the now accepted model that vision takes place by light entering the eye. [ 2]: 60–7. [ 3][ 4][ a][ b] The book is also noted for its early use of ...

  6. Visual phototransduction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_phototransduction

    Visual phototransduction. Visual phototransduction is the sensory transduction process of the visual system by which light is detected by photoreceptor cells ( rods and cones) in the vertebrate retina. A photon is absorbed by a retinal chromophore (each bound to an opsin ), which initiates a signal cascade through several intermediate cells ...

  7. Atmospheric optics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_optics

    Atmospheric optics. A colorful sky is often due to indirect sunlight being scattered off air molecules and particulates, like smog, soot, and cloud droplets, as shown in this photo of a sunset during the October 2007 California wildfires. Atmospheric optics is "the study of the optical characteristics of the atmosphere or products of ...

  8. Optics and vision - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optics_and_vision

    Optics and vision. Vision of humans and other organisms depends on several organs such as the lens of the eye, and any vision correcting devices, which use optics to focus the image. The eyes of many animals contains a lens that focuses the light of its surroundings onto the retina of the eye. This lens is essential to producing clear images ...

  9. Sunlight - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlight

    Taken on 20 October 1968 from Apollo 7. Sunlight is a portion of the electromagnetic radiation given off by the Sun, in particular infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light. On Earth, sunlight is scattered and filtered through Earth's atmosphere as daylight when the Sun is above the horizon.