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In mathematics, the factorial of a non-negative integer , denoted by , is the product of all positive integers less than or equal to . The factorial of also equals the product of with the next smaller factorial: For example, The value of 0! is 1, according to the convention for an empty product. [ 1]
Definition. The factorial number system is a mixed radix numeral system: the i -th digit from the right has base i, which means that the digit must be strictly less than i, and that (taking into account the bases of the less significant digits) its value is to be multiplied by (i − 1)! (its place value). Radix/Base. 8.
Falling and rising factorials. In mathematics, the falling factorial (sometimes called the descending factorial, [ 1] falling sequential product, or lower factorial) is defined as the polynomial. The rising factorial (sometimes called the Pochhammer function, Pochhammer polynomial, ascending factorial, [ 1] rising sequential product, or upper ...
Calculus, mathematical analysis, statistics, physics. In mathematics, the gamma function (represented by Γ, the capital letter gamma from the Greek alphabet) is one commonly used extension of the factorial function to complex numbers. The gamma function is defined for all complex numbers except the non-positive integers.
In mathematics, the double factorial of a number n, denoted by n‼, is the product of all the positive integers up to n that have the same parity (odd or even) as n. [1] That is, Restated, this says that for even n, the double factorial [2] is while for odd n it is For example, 9‼ = 9 × 7 × 5 × 3 × 1 = 945. The zero double factorial 0‼ ...
In mathematics, Stirling's approximation (or Stirling's formula) is an asymptotic approximation for factorials. It is a good approximation, leading to accurate results even for small values of . It is named after James Stirling, though a related but less precise result was first stated by Abraham de Moivre. [1] [2] [3]
Wilson's theorem. In algebra and number theory, Wilson's theorem states that a natural number n > 1 is a prime number if and only if the product of all the positive integers less than n is one less than a multiple of n. That is (using the notations of modular arithmetic ), the factorial satisfies. exactly when n is a prime number.
Factorion. In number theory, a factorion in a given number base is a natural number that equals the sum of the factorials of its digits. [1] [2] [3] The name factorion was coined by the author Clifford A. Pickover. [4]