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In computer science, a relational operator is a programming language construct or operator that tests or defines some kind of relation between two entities. These include numerical equality ( e.g., 5 = 5) and inequalities ( e.g., 4 ≥ 3 ). In programming languages that include a distinct boolean data type in their type system, like Pascal, Ada ...
RFC 4180. Comma-separated values ( CSV) is a text file format that uses commas to separate values, and newlines to separate records. A CSV file stores tabular data (numbers and text) in plain text, where each line of the file typically represents one data record. Each record consists of the same number of fields, and these are separated by ...
Tab-separated values ( TSV) is a simple, text-based file format for storing tabular data. [3] Records are separated by newlines, and values within a record are separated by tab characters. The TSV format is thus a delimiter-separated values format, similar to comma-separated values . TSV is a simple file format that is widely supported, so it ...
In mathematics, the floor function (or greatest integer function) is the function that takes as input a real number x, and gives as output the greatest integer less than or equal to x, denoted ⌊x⌋ or floor (x). Similarly, the ceiling function maps x to the smallest integer greater than or equal to x, denoted ⌈x⌉ or ceil (x).
The Grubbs test statistic is defined as. with and denoting the sample mean and standard deviation, respectively. The Grubbs test statistic is the largest absolute deviation from the sample mean in units of the sample standard deviation. This is the two-sided test, for which the hypothesis of no outliers is rejected at significance level α if.
In statistics, an F-test of equality of variances is a test for the null hypothesis that two normal populations have the same variance. Notionally, any F -test can be regarded as a comparison of two variances, but the specific case being discussed in this article is that of two populations, where the test statistic used is the ratio of two ...
Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet editor developed by Microsoft for Windows, macOS, Android, iOS and iPadOS. It features calculation or computation capabilities, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications (VBA). Excel forms part of the Microsoft 365 suite of software.
With some exceptions regarding erroneous values, infinities, and denormalized numbers, Excel calculates in double-precision floating-point format from the IEEE 754 specification [1] (besides numbers, Excel uses a few other data types [2] ). Although Excel allows display of up to 30 decimal places, its precision for any specific number is no ...