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A pseudorandom number generator ( PRNG ), also known as a deterministic random bit generator ( DRBG ), [1] is an algorithm for generating a sequence of numbers whose properties approximate the properties of sequences of random numbers. The PRNG-generated sequence is not truly random, because it is completely determined by an initial value ...
Average performance. [1] Worst-case space complexity. In computer science, bogosort [1] [2] (also known as permutation sort and stupid sort [3]) is a sorting algorithm based on the generate and test paradigm. The function successively generates permutations of its input until it finds one that is sorted. It is not considered useful for sorting ...
Set-builder notation can be used to describe a set that is defined by a predicate, that is, a logical formula that evaluates to true for an element of the set, and false otherwise. [3] In this form, set-builder notation has three parts: a variable, a colon or vertical bar separator, and a predicate. Thus there is a variable on the left of the ...
In mathematics, the range of a function may refer to either of two closely related concepts: the codomain of the function, or. the image of the function. In some cases the codomain and the image of a function are the same set; such a function is called surjective or onto. For any non-surjective function the codomain and the image are different ...
Reservoir sampling. Reservoir sampling is a family of randomized algorithms for choosing a simple random sample, without replacement, of k items from a population of unknown size n in a single pass over the items. The size of the population n is not known to the algorithm and is typically too large for all n items to fit into main memory.
Bounds checking. In computer programming, bounds checking is any method of detecting whether a variable is within some bounds before it is used. It is usually used to ensure that a number fits into a given type (range checking), or that a variable being used as an array index is within the bounds of the array (index checking).
Range coding (or range encoding) is an entropy coding method defined by G. Nigel N. Martin in a 1979 paper, [1] which effectively rediscovered the FIFO arithmetic code first introduced by Richard Clark Pasco in 1976. [2] Given a stream of symbols and their probabilities, a range coder produces a space-efficient stream of bits to represent these ...
Range query (computer science) In computer science, the range query problem consists of efficiently answering several queries regarding a given interval of elements within an array. For example, a common task, known as range minimum query, is finding the smallest value inside a given range within a list of numbers.