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v. t. e. Euler's formula, named after Leonhard Euler, is a mathematical formula in complex analysis that establishes the fundamental relationship between the trigonometric functions and the complex exponential function. Euler's formula states that, for any real number x, one has where e is the base of the natural logarithm, i is the imaginary ...
Euler's identity. In mathematics, Euler's identity [note 1] (also known as Euler's equation) is the equality. is pi, the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. Euler's identity is named after the Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler. It is a special case of Euler's formula when evaluated for .
Miller twist rule. Miller twist rule is a mathematical formula derived by Don Miller to determine the rate of twist to apply to a given bullet to provide optimum stability using a rifled barrel. [1] Miller suggests that, while Greenhill 's formula works well, there are better and more precise methods for determining the proper twist rate that ...
The following list provides information relating to the minimum wages (gross) of countries in Europe.. The calculations are based on the assumption of a 40-hour working week and a 52-week year, with the exceptions of France (35 hours), Belgium (38 hours), United Kingdom (38 hours), Germany (38 hours), Ireland (39 hours) and Monaco (39 hours).
In mathematics, the floor function (or greatest integer function) is the function that takes as input a real number x, and gives as output the greatest integer less than or equal to x, denoted ⌊x⌋ or floor(x). Similarly, the ceiling function maps x to the smallest integer greater than or equal to x, denoted ⌈x⌉ or ceil(x).
In physics, mass–energy equivalence is the relationship between mass and energy in a system's rest frame, where the two quantities differ only by a multiplicative constant and the units of measurement. [1] [2] The principle is described by the physicist Albert Einstein 's formula: . [3] In a reference frame where the system is moving, its ...
Vincenty's formulae. Vincenty's formulae are two related iterative methods used in geodesy to calculate the distance between two points on the surface of a spheroid, developed by Thaddeus Vincenty (1975a). They are based on the assumption that the figure of the Earth is an oblate spheroid, and hence are more accurate than methods that assume a ...
Kuder–Richardson Formula 20 (KR-20) The name of this formula stems from the fact that is the twentieth formula discussed in Kuder and Richardson's seminal paper on test reliability. It is a special case of Cronbach's α, computed for dichotomous scores. It is often claimed that a high KR-20 coefficient (e.g., > 0.90) indicates a homogeneous ...