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The mainstay of type 1 diabetes treatment is the regular injection of insulin to manage hyperglycemia. [39] Injections of insulin via subcutaneous injection using either a syringe or an insulin pump are necessary multiple times per day, adjusting dosages to account for food intake, blood glucose levels and physical activity. [39]
Type 2 diabetes is generally treated with medication that is taken by mouth (e.g. metformin) although some eventually require injectable treatment with insulin or GLP-1 agonists. [ 122 ] Metformin is generally recommended as a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes, as there is good evidence that it decreases mortality. [ 7 ]
Diabetes mellitus type 1 is a disease caused by the lack of insulin. Thus, Insulin is the main treatment agent for type 1 and is typically administered via subcutaneous injection. Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a disease of insulin resistance by cells. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most common type of diabetes.
Insulin was first used as a medication in Canada by Charles Best and Frederick Banting in 1922. [ 13][ 14] This is a chronology of key milestones in the history of the medical use of insulin. For more details on the discovery, extraction, purification, clinical use, and synthesis of insulin, see Insulin. 1921 Research on the role of pancreas in ...
It was the first oral treatment, in combination with insulin, to treat type 1 diabetes in the UK and EU. Empagliflozin, approved in the United States in August 2014, under the brand name Jardiance by Boehringer Ingelheim. [30] Of the gliflozins, empagliflozin and tofogliflozin have the highest specificity for SGLT2 inhibition. [1]
A study conducted in 2008 found that increasingly complex and costly diabetes treatments are being applied to an increasing population with type 2 diabetes. Data from 1994 to 2007 was analyzed and it was found that the mean number of diabetes medications per treated patient increased from 1.14 in 1994 to 1.63 in 2007.
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