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Graphite flakes can cost around US$0.9/kg carbon. Price of synthetic industrial diamond for grinding and polishing can range from 1200 to 13 300 USD/kg, while cost per weight of large synthetic diamonds for industrial applications can be on the order of million dollars per kilogram. 7: N: Nitrogen: 0.0012506: 19 (5.263 × 10 17 kg) 0.140: 0.000 ...
The levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) is a metric that attempts to compare the costs of different methods of electricity generation consistently. Though LCOE is often presented as the minimum constant price at which electricity must be sold to break even over the lifetime of the project, such a cost analysis requires assumptions about the value of various non-financial costs (environmental ...
Chirp pulsed amplification became instrumental for NIF and the Omega EP system. [58] LANL constructed a series of laser facilities. [59] They included Gemini (a two beam system), Helios (eight beams), Antares (24 beams) and Aurora (96 beams). [60] [61] The program ended in the early nineties with a cost on the order of one billion dollars. [59]
List of most expensive paintings. Salvator Mundi by Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci ( c. 1500) This is a list of the highest known prices paid for paintings. The record is approximately US$ 450.3 million (which includes commission ), paid for Leonardo da Vinci 's Salvator Mundi ( c. 1500 ). The painting was sold in November 2017, [1] [2 ...
Retrieved 22 April 2024. ^ "International Comparisons of Defence Expenditure and Military Personnel". The Military Balance. 124 (1): 542–547. 31 December 2024. doi: 10.1080/04597222.2024.2298600. ISSN 0459-7222. ^ "Why Russian Military Expenditure Is Much Higher Than Commonly Understood (As Is China's)". War on the Rocks. 16 December 2019.
The most basic element of a cost estimate and therefore the cost database is the estimate line item or work item. An example is "Concrete, 4000 psi (30 MPa)," which is the description of the item. In the cost database, an item is a row or record in a table (of items) and the description is a column or field for that record.
The third and fourth Avengers films ( Infinity War and Endgame) stand as the most expensive back-to-back film production, with combined production costs of over $1 billion, according to one of the directors. Inflation, filming techniques and external market forces affect the economics of film production. Costs rose steadily during the silent ...
For example, the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, with a death toll of around 230,000 people, cost a 'mere' $15 billion, whereas in the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, in which 11 people died, the damage was six times higher. The most expensive disaster in human history is the Chernobyl disaster, costing an estimated $700 billion.