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  2. Ricky McCormick's encrypted notes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricky_McCormick's_encrypted...

    The partially decomposed body of Ricky McCormick was discovered in a field in St. Charles County, Missouri on June 30, 1999. Sheriffs found two garbled hand-written notes – apparently written in secret code – in the victim's pockets, and these were handed over to the FBI for further investigation. Attempts by the FBI's Cryptanalysis and ...

  3. Craig Venter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craig_Venter

    Craig Venter. John Craig Venter (born October 14, 1946) is an American biotechnologist and businessman. He is known for leading one of the first draft sequences of the human genome [1] [2] and assembled the first team to transfect a cell with a synthetic chromosome. [3] [4] Venter founded Celera Genomics, the Institute for Genomic Research ...

  4. Kryptos - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kryptos

    The characters are all found within the 26 letters of the Latin alphabet, along with question marks, and are cut out of the copper plates. The main sculpture contains four separate enigmatic messages, three of which have been deciphered. [2] The Morse code to the ciphers' increasing "complexity" is intended to be as if it "were a fossil". [3]

  5. Nirenberg and Matthaei experiment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirenberg_and_Matthaei...

    The Nirenberg and Matthaei experiment was a scientific experiment performed in May 1961 by Marshall W. Nirenberg and his post-doctoral fellow, J. Heinrich Matthaei, at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The experiment deciphered the first of the 64 triplet codons in the genetic code by using nucleic acid homopolymers to translate specific ...

  6. Genetic code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_code

    The genetic code is a key part of the history of life, according to one version of which self-replicating RNA molecules preceded life as we know it. This is the RNA world hypothesis . Under this hypothesis, any model for the emergence of the genetic code is intimately related to a model of the transfer from ribozymes (RNA enzymes) to proteins ...

  7. Caesar cipher - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher

    In cryptography, a Caesar cipher, also known as Caesar's cipher, the shift cipher, Caesar's code, or Caesar shift, is one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques. It is a type of substitution cipher in which each letter in the plaintext is replaced by a letter some fixed number of positions down the alphabet .

  8. Cryptanalysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptanalysis

    Cryptanalysis has coevolved together with cryptography, and the contest can be traced through the history of cryptography—new ciphers being designed to replace old broken designs, and new cryptanalytic techniques invented to crack the improved schemes. In practice, they are viewed as two sides of the same coin: secure cryptography requires ...

  9. Phrases from The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrases_from_The_Hitchhiker...

    The shape of the islands in the background spells out 42, and there are 42 coloured balls. The 42 Puzzle is a game devised by Douglas Adams in 1994 for the United States series of The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy books. The puzzle is an illustration consisting of 42 multi-coloured balls, in 7 columns and 6 rows.