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Health effects of sunlight exposure. Exposing skin to the ultraviolet radiation in sunlight has both positive and negative health effects. On the positive side, exposure allows for the synthesis of vitamin D 3. Vitamin D has been suggested as having a wide range of positive health effects, which include strengthening bones [ 1] and possibly ...
Peripheral chemoreceptors (of the carotid and aortic bodies) are so named because they are sensory extensions of the peripheral nervous system into blood vessels where they detect changes in chemical concentrations. [ 1 ] As transducers of patterns of variability in the surrounding environment, carotid and aortic bodies count as chemosensors in ...
Chemoreceptor. A chemoreceptor, also known as chemosensor, is a specialized sensory receptor which transduces a chemical substance ( endogenous or induced) to generate a biological signal. [ 1] This signal may be in the form of an action potential, if the chemoreceptor is a neuron, [ 2] or in the form of a neurotransmitter that can activate a ...
Glomus cells are the cell type mainly located in the carotid bodies and aortic bodies. Glomus type I cells are peripheral chemoreceptors which sense the oxygen, carbon dioxide and pH levels of the blood. When there is a decrease in the blood's pH, a decrease in oxygen (pO 2 ), or an increase in carbon dioxide ( pCO 2 ), the carotid bodies and ...
Other names. Hypoxaemia. Blood with higher oxygen content appears bright red. Specialty. Pulmonology. Hypoxemia is an abnormally low level of oxygen in the blood. [ 1][ 2] More specifically, it is oxygen deficiency in arterial blood. [ 3] Hypoxemia has many causes, and often causes hypoxia as the blood is not supplying enough oxygen to the ...
The effects of high altitude on humans are mostly the consequences of reduced partial pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere. The medical problems that are direct consequence of high altitude are caused by the low inspired partial pressure of oxygen, which is caused by the reduced atmospheric pressure, and the constant gas fraction of oxygen in ...
The human body requires and regulates a very precise and specific balance of oxygen in the blood. Normal arterial blood oxygen saturation levels in humans are 96–100 percent. [1] If the level is below 90 percent, it is considered low and called hypoxemia. [2] Arterial blood oxygen levels below 80 percent may compromise organ function, such as ...
Central chemoreceptors. Central chemoreceptors of the central nervous system, located on the ventrolateral medullary surface in the vicinity of the exit of the 9th and 10th cranial nerves, are sensitive to the pH of their environment. These act to detect the changes in pH of nearby cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that are indicative of altered oxygen ...