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Packet Tracer is a cross-platform visual simulation tool designed by Cisco Systems that allows users to create network topologies and imitate modern computer networks. The software allows users to simulate the configuration of Cisco routers and switches using a simulated command line interface. Packet Tracer makes use of a drag and drop user ...
MTR is licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL) and works under modern Unix-like operating systems. It normally works under the text console, but it also has an optional GTK+ -based graphical user interface (GUI). MTR relies on Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Time Exceeded (type 11, code 0) packets coming back ...
Open Shortest Path First ( OSPF) is a routing protocol for Internet Protocol (IP) networks. It uses a link state routing (LSR) algorithm and falls into the group of interior gateway protocols (IGPs), operating within a single autonomous system (AS). OSPF gathers link state information from available routers and constructs a topology map of the ...
3.9 – first generally available version for the ASR 9000 router series; 5.0 – first generally available version for the NCS6000 series, which is based upon a Linux kernel instead of QNX, and was released in September 2013 [5] 6.1.1 - Introduces support for the 64-bit Linux-based IOS XR operating system on ASR 9000 series [6]
IP over Avian Carriers. Under RFC 1149, a homing pigeon can carry Internet Protocol traffic. In computer networking, IP over Avian Carriers ( IPoAC) is a joke proposal to carry Internet Protocol (IP) traffic by birds such as homing pigeons. IP over Avian Carriers was initially described in RFC 1149 issued by the Internet Engineering Task Force ...
Voice over Internet Protocol ( VoIP ), [ a ] also called IP telephony, is a method and group of technologies for voice calls for the delivery of voice communication sessions over Internet Protocol (IP) networks, [ 2 ] such as the Internet. The broader terms Internet telephony, broadband telephony, and broadband phone service specifically refer ...
Type of service. The type of service ( ToS) field is the second byte of the IPv4 header. It has had various purposes over the years, and has been defined in different ways by five RFCs. [ 1] Prior to the redefinition, the ToS field could specify a datagram's priority and request a route for low-latency, high-throughput, or highly-reliable service.
A wildcard mask is a mask of bits that indicates which parts of an IP address are available for examination. In the Cisco IOS, [1] they are used in several places, for example: To indicate the size of a network or subnet for some routing protocols, such as OSPF. To indicate what IP addresses should be permitted or denied in access control lists ...