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  2. Soil pH - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_pH

    Soil pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity (alkalinity) of a soil. Soil pH is a key characteristic that can be used to make informative analysis both qualitative and quantitatively regarding soil characteristics. [ 1] pH is defined as the negative logarithm (base 10) of the activity of hydronium ions ( H+.

  3. Cation-exchange capacity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cation-exchange_capacity

    Cation-exchange capacity is defined as the amount of positive charge that can be exchanged per mass of soil, usually measured in cmol c /kg. Some texts use the older, equivalent units me/100g or meq/100g. CEC is measured in moles of electric charge, so a cation-exchange capacity of 10 cmol c /kg could hold 10 cmol of Na + cations (with 1 unit ...

  4. Soil acidification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_acidification

    Soil acidification. Soil acidification is the buildup of hydrogen cations, which reduces the soil pH. Chemically, this happens when a proton donor gets added to the soil. The donor can be an acid, such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid, or carbonic acid. It can also be a compound such as aluminium sulfate, which reacts in the soil to release protons.

  5. Soil chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_chemistry

    Its inputs strongly influence key soil factors such as types of biota, pH, and even soil order. Soil organic matter is often strategically applied by plant growers because of its ability to improve soil structure, supply nutrients, manage pH, increase water retention, and regulate soil temperature (which directly affects water dynamics and biota).

  6. Liming (soil) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liming_(soil)

    Liming (soil) Liming is the application of calcium - (Ca) and magnesium (Mg)-rich materials in various forms, including marl, chalk, limestone, burnt lime or hydrated lime to soil. [ 1] In acid soils, these materials react as a base and neutralize soil acidity. This often improves plant growth and increases the activity of soil bacteria, [ 1 ...

  7. Soil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil

    Soil. Soil, also commonly referred to as earth or dirt, is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support the life of plants and soil organisms. Some scientific definitions distinguish dirt from soil by restricting the former term specifically to displaced soil.

  8. Alkali soil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_soil

    Similarly, each unit increase in pH indicates a tenfold increase of the OH – concentration. In water with dissolved salts, the concentrations of the H 3 O + and the OH – ions may change, but their sum remains constant, namely 7 + 7 = 14. A pH of 7 therefore corresponds to a pOH of 7, and a pH of 9 with a pOH of 5.

  9. Topsoil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topsoil

    Topsoil is composed of mineral particles and organic matter and usually extends to a depth of 5-10 inches (13–25 cm). Together these make a substrate capable of holding water and air which encourages biological activity. There are generally a high concentration of roots in topsoil since this is where plants obtain most of their vital nutrients.

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