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The oftentimes severe methemoglobinemia found in sodium nitrite poisoning cases results in systemic hypoxia, metabolic acidosis, and cyanosis. [50] The reported [51] signs of sodium nitrite poisoning are as follows: "Symptoms of [nitrite] poisoning can vary depending on the amount and duration of the exposure.
The United States standard cyanide antidote kit first uses a small inhaled dose of amyl nitrite, followed by intravenous sodium nitrite, followed by intravenous sodium thiosulfate. [33] Hydroxocobalamin was approved for use in the US in late 2006 [ 34 ] and is available in Cyanokit antidote kits. [ 35 ]
2. Nitrite (mostly sodium nitrite) is widely used throughout chemical and pharmaceutical industries. [1] The nitrite anion is a pervasive intermediate in the nitrogen cycle in nature. The name nitrite also refers to organic compounds having the –ONO group, which are esters of nitrous acid .
UNII. M0KG633D4F. HX1032V43M. Sodium nitrite/sodium thiosulfate, sold under the brand name Nithiodote, is a fixed-dose combination medication used as an antidote for cyanide poisoning. [1] It contains sodium thiosulfate and sodium nitrite. [1] It is given by intravenous infusion into a vein. [1]
Sodium nitrate is a white deliquescent solid very soluble in water. It is a readily available source of the nitrate anion (NO 3− ), which is useful in several reactions carried out on industrial scales for the production of fertilizers, pyrotechnics, smoke bombs and other explosives, glass and pottery enamels, food preservatives (esp. meats ...
Nitrates and nitrites can either be added to food or naturally occurring in a food. A nitrate (NO3) is a nitrogen atom bonded to three oxygen atoms. A nitrite (NO2) is a nitrogen atom bonded to ...
Sodium azide is an inorganic compound with the formula NaN3. This colorless salt is the gas-forming component in some car airbag systems. It is used for the preparation of other azide compounds. It is an ionic substance, is highly soluble in water, and is acutely poisonous. [ 5]
Sodium thiosulfate is a classical antidote to cyanide poisoning, For this purpose it is used after the medication sodium nitrite and typically only recommended for severe cases. It is given by injection into a vein. In this use, sodium nitrite creates methemoglobinemia which removes cyanide from mitochondria.