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Pliny the Elder, who lived from 23–79 CE, first gave a name to what we now call pills, calling them pilula. [2] Pliny also wrote Naturalis Historia a collection of 38 books and the first pharmacopoea. Pedanius Dioscorides wrote De Materia Medica (c. 40 – 90 CE); this book dominated the area of drug knowledge for some 1500 years until the ...
The earliest patent medicines were created in the 17th century. They were most popular from the mid-19th century to the early 20th century, before the advent of consumer protection laws and evidence-based medicine. [1] [2] Despite the name, patent medicines were usually trademarked but not actually patented, in order to keep their formulas ...
The first "drugstores" in North America "appeared in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, Boston, New York, and Philadelphia," [11] with likely proto-drugstores—for example Gysbert van Imbroch ran a "general store" that sold drugs from 1663 to 1665 in Wildwyck, New Netherland, [12] today's Kingston, New York—preceding the dedicated apothecary shops of the 1700s, and providing a model.
The 20th century saw the development of the first effective psychiatric drugs. The first anti-psychotic drug , chlorpromazine (known under the trade name Largactil in Europe and Thorazine in the United States), was first synthesized in France in 1950.
Drug nomenclature is the systematic naming of drugs, especially pharmaceutical drugs.In the majority of circumstances, drugs have 3 types of names: chemical names, the most important of which is the IUPAC name; generic or nonproprietary names, the most important of which are international nonproprietary names (INNs); and trade names, which are brand names. [1]
The psychedelic drug (or entheogen) lysergic acid diethylamide ( LSD) was first synthesized on November 16, 1938, by the Swiss chemist Albert Hofmann in the Sandoz laboratories in Basel, Switzerland. [ 1 ] It was not until five years later on April 19, 1943, that the psychedelic properties were found. [ 2 ]
Laudanum is a tincture of opium containing approximately 10% powdered opium by weight (the equivalent of 1% morphine ). [1] Laudanum is prepared by dissolving extracts from the opium poppy ( Papaver somniferum) in alcohol ( ethanol ). Reddish-brown in color and extremely bitter, laudanum contains several opium alkaloids, including morphine and ...
Paregoric was a household remedy in the 18th and 19th centuries when it was widely used to control diarrhea in adults and children, as an expectorant and cough medicine, to calm fretful children, and to rub on the gums to counteract the pain from teething. A formula for paregoric from Dr. Chase's Recipes (1865): [7]