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In 1944 Howard Florey and Ernst Boris Chain mass-produced penicillin. In 1948 Raymond P. Ahlquist published his seminal work where divided adrenoceptors into α- and β-adrenoceptor subtypes, this allowed a better understanding of drugs mechanisms of action . In 1987, after Montreal Protocol, CFC inhalers were phased out and HFA inhalers ...
His work would lay the foundation for the steroid drug industry's production of cortisone, other corticosteroids, and birth control pills. [3] A contemporary example of a modern-day inventor is Lonnie George Johnson, an engineer. Johnson invented the Super Soaker water gun, which was the top-selling toy in the United States from 1991 to 1992.
The earliest patent medicines were created in the 17th century. They were most popular from the mid-19th century to the early 20th century, before the advent of consumer protection laws and evidence-based medicine. [1] [2] Despite the name, patent medicines were usually trademarked but not actually patented, in order to keep their formulas ...
In New York, the medical department of King's College was established in 1767, and in 1770, awarded the first American M.D. degree. [13] Smallpox inoculation was introduced 1716–1766, well before it was accepted in Europe. The first medical schools were established in Philadelphia in 1765 and New York in 1768.
A 12th-century manuscript of the Hippocratic Oath in Greek, one of the most famous aspects of classical medicine that carried into later eras. The history of medicine is both a study of medicine throughout history as well as a multidisciplinary field of study that seeks to explore and understand medical practices, both past and present, throughout human societies.
1908 – Victor Horsley and R. Clarke invents the stereotactic method. 1909 – First intrauterine device described by Richard Richter. [ 102] 1910 – Hans Christian Jacobaeus performs the first laparoscopy on humans. 1917 – Julius Wagner-Jauregg discovers the malarial fever shock therapy for general paresis of the insane.
The following is a list of antibiotics. The highest division between antibiotics is bactericidal and bacteriostatic. Bactericidals kill bacteria directly, whereas bacteriostatics prevent them from dividing. However, these classifications are based on laboratory behavior.
Many drugs have more than one name and, therefore, the same drug may be listed more than once. Brand names and generic names are differentiated by capitalizing brand names. See also the list of the top 100 bestselling branded drugs, ranked by sales. Abbreviations are used in the list as follows: INN = International Nonproprietary Name