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  2. Sodium lactate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_lactate

    Sodium lactate is the sodium salt of lactic acid, and has a mild saline taste. It is produced by fermentation of a sugar source, such as corn or beets, and then, by neutralizing the resulting lactic acid [4] to create a compound having the formula NaC 3 H 5 O 3 . Sodium lactate, in the form of Ringer's lactate solution, is used as a medication ...

  3. Ringer's lactate solution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ringer's_lactate_solution

    Ringer's lactate solution ( RL ), also known as sodium lactate solution, Lactated Ringer's, and Hartmann's solution, is a mixture of sodium chloride, sodium lactate, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride in water. [1] It is used for replacing fluids and electrolytes in those who have low blood volume or low blood pressure. [2]

  4. Potassium lactate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_lactate

    Potassium lactate is a compound with formula KC 3 H 5 O 3. It is the potassium salt of lactic acid and appears as a clear, hygroscopic, syrupy liquid suspension that is typically 60% solids. [1] The substance can be concentrated to contain up to 78% solids. [2] It is produced by neutralizing lactic acid, which is fermented from a sugar source.

  5. Sodium acetate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_acetate

    A supersaturated solution of sodium acetate in water is supplied with a device to initiate crystallization, a process that releases substantial heat. Solubility from CRC Handbook. Sodium acetate trihydrate crystals melt at 58–58.4 °C (136.4–137.1 °F), [14] [15] dissolving in their water of crystallization [citation needed].

  6. Relative density - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_density

    Relative density, also called specific gravity, is a dimensionless quantity defined as the ratio of the density (mass of a unit volume) of a substance to the density of a given reference material. Specific gravity for liquids is nearly always measured with respect to water at its densest (at 4 °C or 39.2 °F); for gases, the reference is air ...

  7. Hydroxyethyl starch - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxyethyl_starch

    Hydroxyethyl starch. Hydroxyethyl starch ( HES/HAES ), sold under the brand name Voluven among others, is a nonionic starch derivative, used as a volume expander in intravenous therapy. The use of HES on critically ill patients is associated with an increased risk of death and kidney problems. [2] [3]

  8. gamma-Butyrolactone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-Butyrolactone

    Gamma-butyrolactone ( GBL) or γ-butyrolactone is an organic compound with the formula O=CO (CH2)3. It is hygroscopic, colorless, water-miscible liquid with a weak, characteristic odor. It is the simplest 4-carbon lactone. It is mainly used as an intermediate in the production of other chemicals, such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.

  9. Sodium hypochlorite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_hypochlorite

    CN− + −OCl → OCN− + Cl−. Sodium hypochlorite is commonly used as a biocide in industrial applications to control slime and bacteria formation in water systems used at power plants, pulp and paper mills, etc., in solutions typically of 10–15% by weight.