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Auditory science. Auditory science or hearing science is a field of research and education concerning the perception of sounds by humans, animals, or machines. It is a heavily interdisciplinary field at the crossroad between acoustics, neuroscience, and psychology. [1] It is often related to one or many of these other fields: psychophysics ...
Otitis media is a group of inflammatory diseases of the middle ear. [2] One of the two main types is acute otitis media ( AOM ), [3] an infection of rapid onset that usually presents with ear pain. [1] In young children this may result in pulling at the ear, increased crying, and poor sleep. [1]
Acoustic reflex threshold. The acoustic reflex threshold (ART) is the sound pressure level (SPL) from which a sound stimulus with a given frequency will trigger the acoustic reflex. The ART is a function of sound pressure level and frequency. People with normal hearing have an acoustic reflex threshold (ART) around 70–100 dB SPL.
Hearing, Balance and Communication is a peer-reviewed medical journal covering the field of hearing, balance and communication disorders. It is the official journal of the International Association of Physicians in Audiology, as well as the British, Swedish, and Danish Associations of Audiological Physicians and the Società Italiana di ...
An ear is the organ that enables hearing and (in mammals) body balance using the vestibular system. In mammals, the ear is usually described as having three parts: the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear. The outer ear consists of the pinna and the ear canal. Since the outer ear is the only visible portion of the ear in most animals ...
Conductive hearing loss (CHL) occurs when there is a problem transferring sound waves anywhere along the pathway through the outer ear, tympanic membrane (eardrum), or middle ear ( ossicles ). If a conductive hearing loss occurs in conjunction with a sensorineural hearing loss, it is referred to as a mixed hearing loss.
The hearing loss associated with VCFS is conductive when otitis media is present (Peterson-Falzone et al., 2001). There are also sporadic reports of sensorineural hearing loss and a mixed hearing loss. Of individuals with VCFS who have a hearing loss, only 11% had a sensorineural loss and 5% a mixed loss (Reyes et al., 1999).
Auditory fatigue. Auditory fatigue is defined as a temporary loss of hearing after exposure to sound. This results in a temporary shift of the auditory threshold known as a temporary threshold shift (TTS). The damage can become permanent ( permanent threshold shift, PTS) if sufficient recovery time is not allowed before continued sound exposure ...