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Naihanchi (ナイハンチ) (or Naifanchi (ナイファンチ), Tekki (鉄騎)) is a karate kata, performed in straddle stance (naihanchi-dachi (ナイハンチ立ち) / kiba-dachi (騎馬立ち) ). It translates to 'internal divided conflict'. The form makes use of in-fighting techniques (i.e. tai sabaki (whole body movement)) and grappling ...
Shodan (初段), literally meaning "beginning degree," is the lowest black belt rank in Japanese martial arts [ 1] and the game of Go. The 2nd dan is higher than Shodan, but the 1st dan is called Shodan traditionally and not " Ichidan ". This is because the character 初 ( sho, alternative pronunciation: hatsu) also means first, new or ...
Pinan. The Pinan (平安) kata are a series of five empty hand forms taught in many karate styles. The Pinan kata originated in Okinawa and were adapted by Anko Itosu from older kata such as Kusanku and Channan [1] into forms suitable for teaching karate to young students. Pinan is the Chinese Pinyin notation of 平安; when Gichin Funakoshi ...
Shotokan (松涛館, Shōtōkan) is a style of karate, developed from various martial arts by Gichin Funakoshi (1868–1957) and his son Gigo (Yoshitaka) Funakoshi (1906–1945). Gichin Funakoshi was born in Okinawa [ 1] and is widely credited with popularizing "karate do" through a series of public demonstrations, and by promoting the ...
Taikyoku. The Taikyoku series is a series of kata in use in several types of karate. The name Taikyoku (太極) refers to the Chinese philosophical concept of Taiji. The Taikyoku kata were developed by Yoshitaka Funakoshi and introduced by Gichin Funakoshi as a way to simplify the principles of the already simplified Pinan / Heian series.
Wadō-ryū practices Rōhai Shodan. Funakoshi renamed this kata as Meikyo. Niseishi ニーセイシ: the name means "24 steps." Transmitted by Ankichi Aragaki, this kata is known in Japanese as Nijūshiho (二十四步). Wanshū ワンシュウ (晩愁): the name means "flying swallow."
Rōhai. Rōhai (鷺牌) meaning “image of a heron” or “sign of a heron” is a family of kata practiced in some styles of karate. The kata originated from the Tomari-te school of Okinawan martial arts. It was called Matsumora Rōhai, after Kosaku Matsumora, who was presumably its inventor (not to be confused with Sokon Matsumura ).
High ranking "Judoka" 5th dan to 10th dan are Kōdan-sha (高段者) "high grades" and 6th, 7th, and 8th dan have alternating red and white panel belts (琥珀帯) Kohaku-obi, and for 9th and 10th dan, the belts are solid red. This ranking system was introduced by Kanō Jigorō, the founder of judo, in 1883. However, the current system is not ...