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  2. Password strength - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Password_strength

    Password strength. Options menu of the random password generation tool in KeePass. Enabling more character subsets raises the strength of generated passwords a small amount, whereas increasing their length raises the strength a large amount. Password strength is a measure of the effectiveness of a password against guessing or brute-force attacks.

  3. Brute-force attack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brute-force_attack

    A brute-force attack is a cryptanalytic attack that can, in theory, be used to attempt to decrypt any encrypted data (except for data encrypted in an information-theoretically secure manner). [1] Such an attack might be used when it is not possible to take advantage of other weaknesses in an encryption system (if any exist) that would make the ...

  4. Password cracking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Password_cracking

    In cryptanalysis and computer security, password cracking is the process of guessing passwords [1] protecting a computer system. A common approach ( brute-force attack) is to repeatedly try guesses for the password and to check them against an available cryptographic hash of the password. [2] Another type of approach is password spraying, which ...

  5. List of the most common passwords - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_the_most_common...

    Since 2011, the firm has published the list based on data examined from millions of passwords leaked in data breaches, mostly in North America and Western Europe, over each year. In the 2016 edition, the 25 most common passwords made up more than 10% of the surveyed passwords, with the most common password of 2016, "123456", making up 4%. [5]

  6. L0phtCrack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L0phtCrack

    L0phtCrack. L0phtCrack is a password auditing and recovery application originally produced by Mudge from L0pht Heavy Industries. It is used to test password strength and sometimes to recover lost Microsoft Windows passwords, by using dictionary, brute-force, hybrid attacks, and rainbow tables. [3] The initial version was released in the Spring ...

  7. PBKDF2 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PBKDF2

    The PBKDF2 key derivation function has five input parameters: [9] DK = PBKDF2 (PRF, Password, Salt, c, dkLen) where: PRF is a pseudorandom function of two parameters with output length hLen (e.g., a keyed HMAC) Password is the master password from which a derived key is generated. Salt is a sequence of bits, known as a cryptographic salt.

  8. Key size - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_size

    Key size. In cryptography, key size or key length refers to the number of bits in a key used by a cryptographic algorithm (such as a cipher ). Key length defines the upper-bound on an algorithm's security (i.e. a logarithmic measure of the fastest known attack against an algorithm), because the security of all algorithms can be violated by ...

  9. Argon2 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argon2

    The first attack shows that it is possible to compute a single-pass Argon2i function using between a quarter and a fifth of the desired space with no time penalty, and compute a multiple-pass Argon2i using only N / e (≈ N /2.72) space with no time penalty. According to the Argon2 authors, this attack vector was fixed in version 1.3.

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