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China’s military modernisation began long before Xi Jinping became chairman of the Central Military Commission in November 2012. But the pace and scope of that effort has greatly accelerated under him. Key changes include the introduction of advanced weapons and equipment, structural reforms to make the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) a more ...
China’s growing influence in the Maldives raises significant security concerns given its proximity to India. There is a prevailing perception that the world has underestimated the implications of China’s rapid military modernisation and maritime expansion in the Indian Ocean region.
Chinese aggression in the South China Sea reached a new high in 2023, with the Philippines becoming the main focal point of maritime tensions. This led to heightened patrols and more assertive behaviour from the Philippine Coast Guard and Navy. The Philippines also stepped up defence cooperation with the United States and its allies, conducting joint military exercises and giving the United ...
The case for strategic unambiguity on Taiwan. China concluded joint military exercises around Taiwan in May 2024, signalling its capabilities and renewing global concerns over potential conflict. The longstanding ambiguity in the United States' defence relationship with Taiwan has cultivated doubts about US commitment to aid Taiwan in a conflict.
The Vietnamese army fought well during China’s 1979 invasion — inflicting heavy casualties on the People’s Liberation Army — but in a conflict over the South China Sea, the Vietnamese navy and air force would be no match for the Chinese. Vietnam has been trying for decades to contain Chinese influence in Cambodia and Laos.
China's military has been rapidly modernising, with aims of reunification with Taiwan. This has lead to an increase in military exercises and live-fire drills across the Strait, particularly since former US Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi's visit in August 2022. China has also been building up its arsenal of roll-on/roll-off (RO–RO) ferries, which can transport large numbers of vehicles ...
Most military technology, including cutting-edge space technology, relies on less sophisticated chips that can handle extreme environmental changes and temperature shifts. Degrading China’s national security and defence industries requires limiting these ‘mature node’ chips.
New US sanctions targeting semiconductor manufacturing equipment, sales and expertise will hurt civilian sectors more than China's military, write Gary Hufbauer and Megan Hogan (PIIE).
China's military modernisation has spurred the country's growing defence industry to export more, but it's not clear that its arms exports are much more than business as usual.
China’s decision to establish a military base in Djibouti was a long time coming. The Chinese navy has had an almost continuous three-ship counter-piracy taskforce in the Gulf of Aden since late 2008. This taskforce protects China’s growing maritime trade between Europe and Asia. By 2017 the amount of crude oil exported by ship to China ...