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Physics, science that deals with the structure of matter and the interactions between the fundamental constituents of the observable universe. Its scope of study encompasses not only the behavior of objects under the action of forces but also gravitational, electromagnetic, and nuclear force fields.
Physics, the basic physical science, studies objects ranging from the very small (using quantum mechanics) to the entire universe (using general relativity). It deals with the structure of matter and how the fundamental constituents of the universe interact.
Newton’s laws of motion, three statements describing the relations between the forces acting on a body and the motion of the body, first formulated by English physicist and mathematician Isaac Newton, which are the foundation of classical mechanics.
Work, in physics, measure of energy transfer that occurs when an object is moved over a distance by an external force at least part of which is applied in the direction of the displacement. The units in which work is expressed are the same as those for energy.
gravity, in mechanics, the universal force of attraction acting between all bodies of matter. It is by far the weakest known force in nature and thus plays no role in determining the internal properties of everyday matter. On the other hand, through its long reach and universal action, it controls the trajectories of bodies in the solar system ...
Density, mass per unit volume of a substance. The formula for density is d=M/V, where d is density, M is mass, and V is volume. Density is commonly expressed in units of gram per cubic centimeter. For example, the density of water is 1 gram per cubic centimeter.
Quantum mechanics, science dealing with the behavior of matter and light on the atomic and subatomic scale. It attempts to describe and account for the properties of molecules and atoms and their constituents—electrons, protons, neutrons, and other more esoteric particles such as quarks and gluons.
Mass, in physics, quantitative measure of inertia, a fundamental property of all matter. It is, in effect, the resistance that a body of matter offers to a change in its speed or position upon the application of a force. Mass is measured in units of kilograms.
Friction, force that resists the sliding or rolling of one solid object over another. Frictional forces provide the traction needed to walk without slipping, but they also present a great measure of opposition to motion. Types of friction include kinetic friction, static friction, and rolling friction.
Time, a measured or measurable period, a continuum that lacks spatial dimensions. Time is of philosophical interest and is also the subject of mathematical and scientific investigation. Learn more about the concept of time and its history in this article.